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TryHackMe - Nahamstore

Recon

tips and general things to try

  • You can browse all the website with burp you can even make a crawl scan.

  • You can make an account and browse again with burp

wfuzz

  • You can subdomain enum with wfuzz wfuzz -c -f sub-fighter -w /usr/share/seclists/Discovery/DNS/subdomains-top1million-5000.txt -u 'http://nahamstore.thm/' -H "HOST:FUZZ.nahamstore.thm" inspecting the results we can see that we need filter it with --hw 65

┌─[✗]─[gabrielle@parrot]─[~]
└──╼ $wfuzz -c -f sub-fighter -w /usr/share/seclists/Discovery/DNS/subdomains-top1million-5000.txt -u 'http://nahamstore.thm/' -H "HOST:FUZZ.nahamstore.thm" --hw 65
 /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/wfuzz/__init__.py:34: UserWarning:Pycurl is not compiled against Openssl. Wfuzz might not work correctly when fuzzing SSL sites. Check Wfuzz's documentation for more information.
********************************************************
* Wfuzz 3.1.0 - The Web Fuzzer                         *
********************************************************

Target: http://nahamstore.thm/
Total requests: 4989

=====================================================================
ID           Response   Lines    Word       Chars       Payload                                                                                                                      
=====================================================================

000000001:   301        7 L      13 W       194 Ch      "www - www"                                                                                                                  
000000037:   301        7 L      13 W       194 Ch      "shop - shop"                                                                                                                
000000254:   200        41 L     92 W       2025 Ch     "marketing - marketing"                                                                                                      
000000960:   200        0 L      1 W        67 Ch       "stock - stock"                                                                                                              

Total time: 206.7410
Processed Requests: 4989
Filtered Requests: 4985
Requests/sec.: 24.13163

  • Once we get our results we need to add the to the /etc/hosts file

  • shop and www redirects to the website we already have

  • Marketing gives this

marketing

  • Stock gives this really interesting results worth keeping aside for further investigation

stock api

  • And if we access /product from there we get this

products

gobuster

  • We did not have the page staff let's check it out

staff

  • Pretty juicy, let's keep it in mind for later

nmap

I wanted to make an nmap scan to make sure I did not miss anything

  • This way we get this page on port 8000 http://nahamstore.thm:8000/admin/login

admin login

Summary

Subdomains

  • Here is what I have in my hosts file so far

  • nahamstore.thm

  • www.nahamstore.thm (same as the 1st one)

  • shop.nahamstore.thm (same as the 1est one)

  • marketing.nahamstore.thm

  • stock.nahamstore.thm

Pages to keep aside for later and notes

  • http://nahamstore.thm:8000/admin/login

  • http://nahamstore.thm/staff

Using gobuster, I did not find anything under marketing and under store I only got the page product that I had already found.

I just could not find the answer for the first question (I think I missed a subdomain or something) so I moved to the next one planning on getting back to it later.

XSS

Vulnerable endpoint

If we play around in marketing when we tamper with the url of one of the campaign we get an url with an interesting parameter that reflects its value in the page.

error

If we inject there, we get a reflected xss

Injected Alert executed

User-Agent

When we place an order it stores the user agent in the database and it is reflected to us

user agent

So if we inject in this header we get a stored XSS

Edited request
Pop up

Id parameter

When looking for XSS we can see that the parameter id is vulnerable to both XSS and SQL injection. URL with injection point http://nahamstore.thm/product?id=%3Cscript%3Ealert(1)%3C/script%3E&name=blah

  • Javascript executed

alert popped

  • SQL Error

SQL error

This way we know it is using MySQL We can keep this aside for the SQLi question later.

Hidden parameter

  • There's a question asking about a hidden parameter in the home page. If we check in the code using F12 we can find a form with a hidden q parameter.

hidden parameter

Let's try to make it pop an alert.

Our brackets are removed but if we use double quotes we move away form the search box

  • Request

Request

  • Response

Response

What ended up to work was trying to inject in the search field ';alert(1);' don't forget the last semi-colon it kinda drove me crazy lol

alert

H1 tag

When trying a few things out and tampering with the url we get a Page Not Found 404. If we inject inside the h1 tag we get an XSS

Page Not Found

Here is the edited response

Edited response

Note that if we inject like this it also works http://nahamstore.thm/%3Cscript%3Ealert(1)%3C/script%3E

Other hidden parameter

To answer this question I used arjun to fuzz for possible hidden parameter. It was a good opportunity to try it out. It is quite efficient as it found really quickly the other hidder parameter that we found before.

arjun

Even though this tool is really good, it is not how I found the hidden parameter. When we order an item we can try to add a discount code in the dedicated field. This sends a post parameter discount we can try to use it as a GET method in the url and see if it is injectable like this http://nahamstore.thm/product?discount=<script>alert(1)</script>. And it works!

Discount parameter

Open Redirect

Parameter 1

This one was found using the previous results I got from arjun The parameter r can produce and Open Redirect. If we use burp collaborator to generate and url and we paste it in the parameter like this http://nahamstore.thm/?r=https://ccswimp6q43ue36mhiqkujheh5nwbmzb.oastify.com we get redirected. If we open this link and a private tab (or another firefpx container) it works as well. This proves it is vulnerable.

Note: We do not have to use the collaborator we can paste in any website

Parameter 2

As I browsed a lot in the website I had a pretty decently populated sitemap. I filtered it to show only redirections and found the redirect_url that is the other parameter vulnerable to open redirection. Now we can look it up in our proxy history and see where it is used to try and exploit it. We can see that it is used after the registering and after adding a new address. Let's connect and try to exploit after adding an address to our address book. Let's do the whole workflow.

  • We make an account on the shop

  • We put something in the basket

  • We add a new address

  • After validating the form the process is to redirect the user to the basket. This way we can use the parameter and modify the request to change the redirection location.

=> Original request

redirected

=> Modified request

modified

=> Response making the redirection

Response

CSRF

Using burp to show the hidden fields we can quickly see which page has a csrf protection or not.

  • Email page with csrf protection

csrf protected email

  • Password page without csrf protection

not csrf protected password

csrf_protect token analysis

With further analysis we can see that the token is using base64

  • Orignal token eyJkYXRhIjoiZXlKMWMyVnlYMmxrSWpvMExDSjBhVzFsYzNSaGJYQWlPaUl4TmpnM09EQXlPVGc0SW4wPSIsInNpZ25hdHVyZSI6ImE2NjNmZWIyYTcxNGYzZDA5Njc2OGYyNDNmNjY4YWUwIn0=

  • Decoded token {"data":"eyJ1c2VyX2lkIjo0LCJ0aW1lc3RhbXAiOiIxNjg3ODAyOTg4In0=","signature":"a663feb2a714f3d096768f243f668ae0"}

  • Decoded data parameter {"user_id":4,"timestamp":"1687802988"}

Exploitation

Password field

We can use burp to generate a csrf poc for us from the request to change the password. We can right click on it and select generate csrf poc in engagement tools. csrf We copy the html and paste it in a file. Now we can open it in our browser, send the request and see if our attack worked.

poc

Our attack worked

pass changed

Email field

For the email field we can process the same way we just need to remove the csrf_protect hidden field that is not used anyway by the app as we can see here in burp repeater. We were able to change the password without the csrf token.

csrf protect

IDOR

Address

We can see that the orders are fetch with an id like this /account/orders/4 Let's check other orders Using the post request to validate an order we have an address_id field that we can tamper with to get other peeps address.

field address

If we put 1 we get the address of another customer

other customer address

To answer the question we can play with the parameter until we find the address in NY.

Orders

If we get the pdf receipt of an order it will use an endpoint pdf generator. The request will look like this

request

However here we get a pdf that says the order does not belong to us and it mentions something that could be a parameter. user_id We could try to add user_id in our request. We need to do this lively (not with repeater). user_id 1 and 2 do not work. We are successful with 3. I struggled a little and figured that it need to be url encoded otherwise it would not work. Like this:

encoded parameter

LFI

When I see and image on a website I always use the open image in new tab to see what we can do and play around with it. Here we can see that the image is fetched using a parameter file=.

file

We can try the usual payloads they mention the file path /lfi/flag.txt first I tried the usual dir traversal with ../ but it did not work, sometimes if you double the chars you can bypass the filters. that is how I got the file. You have to try one dir at a time until you find at which you level you need to go up to to find it. Here's what worked for this context lfi

SSRF

When looking around the app, we can see that if we click on the check stock for an item it actually requests a server.

stock check

COMING SOON

Coming soon

Resources

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